Strength Performance Network

How Deep Should You Squat?


Currently, our athlete’s age range is somewhere from 10 to 16 years old (give or take).  Once the late spring comes around, we will start working with the college athletes again.  All of them have different strong and weak points as individuals and all have varying goals depending on the sport, their size, age, training experience etc…Most if not all (of the ones currently training), have come to us with almost little to no training (lifting) experience so we have to make sure they’re gets proficient at basic movements.  Even the dynamic warm-up takes skill and time to improve upon.  One of our basic lifts for our younger athletes are goblet squats.  If you have not heard yet, goblet squats are probably “thee” way to teach people how to squat properly.  You can use a kettlebell or dumbbell.  At our facility we typically use dumbells because we don’t have enough kettlebells if we were to have a group of 8-10 boys and girls with similar strength levels.  Since this learning tool almost guarantees an awesome squat pattern, the issue then becomes one of squat depth.

 

Even if these guys do it, does not mean everyone should

I, for one, never broke parallel on a squat, like EVER.  Then for the past month or so I starting doing squat to stand mobilizations and/or bootstrapper squats. I hammered away on soft-tissue work for my proximal hamstrings, lateral calves, and ankle mobility which seemed to allow me to get past parallel. I usually ended the warm up by doing KB goblet squats with a 32kg bell.

Bootstrapper

Squat to Stand

I think our dynamic warm-up is pretty awesome and we foam roll all of our athletes, but we see it with a ton of athletes and people.  They simply seem not able to hit parallel or what major lifters call “ass to grass.”  But what you realize is that some (if not a lot) of people do not have the ability to squat to parallel so simply telling someone to go farther down is not advantageous.  One thing to look for is the pelvic “tuck” at their end-range. We will typically see how our younger athletes goblet squat and if there is any posterior pelvic tilting at the end range we cue them to stay just above that motion.  Some may argue that this is not the most beneficial way of squatting but athletes and many people have varying structures that will prevent them from hitting deep squats and forcinthat’s end range can cause future low back and hip issues.  These are issues that regardless of the depth, risk injury and decrease the progress of athletes.

Cheers,

Matt

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Comment by Matt Siniscalchi on March 26, 2012 at 2:49pm

Mike, 

     Thanks for the comment, but I wanted to clear some things up...I understand that sport does not require a vertical tibia for such movements but that does not mean that we should train it...I am looking at it from an injury prevention standpoint for those with knee pain..to shoot a basketball is a bad squat if you look it..this does not mean that I am going to train with a very "knee dominant" squat..the #1 rule of the strength coach in my opinion is do no harm..if the person has no issues of knee pain than yes we will allow an angled tibia, but from a depth standpoint everyone is different in terms of mobility or structural issues and the tucking should be avoided at all cost.  I did not know if you disagreed or not..but hope this makes sense.  Cheers!

Comment by Mike Muller on March 26, 2012 at 11:33am

Vertical tibia is is great for powerlifting and prevention of excessive shear forces on the knee, especially when dealing with massive loads. However, sport does not always occur with a vertical tibia or with the femur at or above parallel to the ground. From a wrestler shooting in for a single to a long jumper landing with his ass to his heels, teaching and developing strength and stability through a FULL range of motion at the hips and knees has to hold some level of importance for a S&C coach working with atheletes, not powerlifters.

I completely agree with the statement about goblet squats. I love using them to teach proper squat form, and for identifying individual limiting factors in each athlete's squat.

Comment by Matt Siniscalchi on March 21, 2012 at 4:13pm

Darriel,

     Always a big fan of the box squat. Also, a big fan of it especially with a vertical tibia.

Comment by Darriel Kitchens on March 21, 2012 at 11:46am

Yes, I have noticed this too. One way is to have them box squat. This way they learn to activate the Glutes, and hamstrings which is what you want from an athlete anyway.

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